5G departure, is the chip ready?

The lack of "core" in mobile phones will be greatly changed in the 5G era, as China's leading 5G technology standards may become the international leading technology standard.

Academician of the China Internet Association and adviser of the IMT-2020 Promotion Group, Academician He Hezhen pointed out that although China has also carried out 3G and 4G technical tests in the past, this is the first time that a technology R&D test has been initiated before the standard setting.

At present, Qualcomm, Intel, HiSilicon, Spreadtrum, Datang, and ZTE are all conducting intensive research on 5G chip technology, but most of them are still in the process of 5G standardization, and are preparing for related technologies of 5G chips. The extent to which terminal chips are developed.

However, who can take a step in the 5G marathon means that they can preemptively sprint and master the dominant technical discourse right, and they can't be slack on the 5G "core" road.

5G chip is on the road

5G has become a technological highland that countries have stepped up to seize. With the October 2015, ITU ITU through the IMT-2020 roadmap for 5G development, the curtain of the global 5G competition officially opened.

According to the planned timetable, ITU will begin to collect 5G technology solutions in 2017 and complete standardization work by 2020. EU METIS, China IMT-2020 (5G) Promotion Group, Korea 5G Forum, Japan ARIB and other 5G research organizations have invested in research to explore 5G vision, needs, goals, capabilities, key technologies, standardization and spectrum.

Sha Yuejia, vice president of China Mobile, pointed out that due to the unprecedented promotion of Asian countries, the first 5G network in the future is likely to appear in Asia, and the promotion of large-scale 5G applications may also be in Asia.

China is one of the most active ones. According to the reporter's understanding, as early as 2011, China has already deployed the next generation mobile communication system. In 2013, it launched a special fund for 5G research. When attending the signing ceremony of the China-EU 5G Strategic Cooperation Joint Statement in September 2015, China stated that it will strive to achieve 5G network commercialization by 2020.

According to the cooperation plan of China Mobile and Korea Telecom and Japan NTT DoCoMo, the three parties will launch 5G network services as soon as possible in the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea.

Zhang Feng, chief engineer of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, revealed that China’s 5G technology research and development test was officially launched at the beginning of this year. The technology R&D test includes three stages of key technology verification, technical solution verification and system verification. It will be completed in 2018 and will enter the next stage – product development test.

Cao Shumin, Dean of the China Institute of Information and Communications and head of the IMT-2020 (5G) Promotion Group, stressed at the 5G Technology R&D Test Launching Conference on January 7 that the 5G trial should be promoted by standardization and R&D trials.

The reporter learned from a number of mobile phone chip companies that most of the foreign and domestic chip companies are still in the process of 5G standardization, and are preparing for the relevant technology of 5G chips, and have not yet reached the level of research and development of terminal chips.

This can be seen from this year's CES Consumer Electronics Show in the United States. Since the 5G terminal chip has not yet been developed, the prototype of the 5G terminal exhibited by Ericsson can only be built up by the circuit, so it is bulky.

But this does not mean that mobile phone chip manufacturers are absent from 5G. Although the development process of 5G related technologies and standards is still unclear, Qualcomm, Intel, HiSilicon, Spreadtrum, Datang and ZTE are all conducting intensive research on 5G chip technology. After all, who can take a step in the 5G marathon means that you can take the lead in the race and master the dominant technical discourse.

"5G will not be produced out of thin air"

“5G will not be produced out of thin air.” Dr. Hou Jile, senior director of R&D at Qualcomm and director of the China R&D Center, told the China Electronics News. He said that from the product point of view, 5G will be the evolution of 4G, and manufacturers with strong strength in 4G can become the leader of 5G. This will be reflected in the system design capabilities and multi-mode design capabilities, which is why SoC expertise is so important in the 5G era.

Since 2006, Qualcomm, which has been conducting forward-looking research and development on 5G, working with the industry to promote the 5G standard process, and participating in each important 5G demonstration and test, still has the most technical chips. All along, Qualcomm is delivering a complete set of wireless communication technology solutions from the base station side to the terminal chip to the core network in the form of chips. Whether it is the standardization of technology or the research and development of wireless communication technology itself, Qualcomm has accumulated a large amount of technical capital.

Hou Jilei pointed out to reporters that many of Qualcomm's technologies already used in fourth-generation cellular networks are also technologies that lead to 5G, including vehicle-to-vehicle communication, advanced MIMO technology, carrier aggregation MIMO, and peer-to-peer (peer to peer). .

Taking OFDM technology as an example, Qualcomm's judgment is that 5G will not undergo a transition to a new format. Although the past system has switched from analog to digital signals, from 3G CDMA to 4G OFDM, 5G will continue to follow OFDM technology. Qualcomm's professional accumulation in OFDM chips and technology is one of the advantages of developing 5G chips.

In addition, Qualcomm believes that millimeter waves are one of the most important ways to achieve extreme mobile broadband. In the millimeter wave high-frequency band, each user can enjoy 5~10Gbit/s data service, and provide services for many users at the same time, greatly improving network throughput and service user efficiency. Qualcomm already has the experience of commercialization of RF chips in the high frequency band of millimeter wave, which will also lay a good foundation for the development of Qualcomm 5G chips.

"The current difficulties in implementing 5G chips are mainly focused on ultra-high-rate receivers, ultra-low latency, high-band RF front-ends and corresponding low-power experiences. This is also the focus of Qualcomm's research." Hou Jilei Say.

Since entering 2016, the pace of Qualcomm 5G has become even greater. During the MWC in February, Qualcomm and Ericsson entered into a joint effort to conduct 5G technology development and early interoperability testing, early testing and verification of 5G key technology components to support 3GPP Release 15 specification standardization.

In addition, Qualcomm also officially launched the 5G Joint Innovation Center with China Mobile at the GTI Summit to promote 5G candidate technology verification, standard setting, industry chain construction and product maturity.

Hou Jilei pointed out that the work items of Release 15 and 16 indicate that the 5G standard will be completed before 2020, and the official products will be commercialized, and Qualcomm will launch the corresponding chips in the first time.

The Chinese army has accumulated a lot of money

The lack of "core" has always been the most profound pain in China's industry, and the lack of "core" in mobile phones will be greatly changed in the 5G era. The biggest reason is that China's leading 5G technology standards may become the international leading technology standard.

This is the first time China has laid out standards and patents so early. Academician of the China Internet Association and adviser of the IMT-2020 Promotion Group, Academician He Hezhen pointed out that although China has also carried out 3G and 4G technical tests in the past, this is the first time that a technology R&D test has been initiated before the standard setting.

The technology R&D and verification in an open environment is conducive to the accumulation of patents by Chinese chip companies participating in the 5G technology R&D test. The rise of Huawei and ZTE as the leading equipment manufacturers has brought them unlimited possibilities.

Xu Huijun, CTO of ZTE, pointed out: "Which communications companies who master 5G key technologies can have more voices in standard setting, and it is possible to win the future."

Taking Huawei, which invested 5G in 2009, as an example, according to the reporter, Huawei has basically completed most of the possible 5G technology screening, technical research and laboratory verification, and joined the Japanese operator to open the world's first multi-user 5G technology verification field in Chengdu. In the network architecture, spectrum use, air interface technology, base station implementation, etc. to achieve breakthroughs, and began to develop 5G equipment.

Huawei also proposed the concept of 4.5G, and applied some 5G core technologies independently developed to 4G networks in advance to smoothly evolve to 5G networks. Currently, Huawei has deployed 4.5G commercial and pre-commercial networks in Norway, Germany, Kuwait, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Canada, and Singapore.

It can be expected that Huawei, which has the advantage of a large platform, will pass on the accumulation in the field of communication to Hess. The reporter learned that the 5G special group established by HiSili has already prepared a large number of terminal chip technologies. With the synchronization advantage with Huawei 5G network equipment, the joint effect can be formed more quickly. Standing on the shoulders of giants, Heis will have the possibility to surpass Qualcomm.

Spreadtrum is not far behind. The reporter learned from Spreadtrum that Spreadtrum has also participated in the national 5G R&D and the development of the world's 5G standards. It has set up a special 5G R&D team in Beijing, Shanghai and Finland, carefully crafting core technologies, system solutions and design plans. The layout points focus on the terminal side and the physical layer, aiming to become the first echelon member of the 5G terminal chip productization.

On February 26, Spreadtrum signed a memorandum of cooperation with Keysight Technologies to jointly establish a technology center in Shanghai, which is expected to open in May. Close cooperation in MIMO, broadband DPD, VoLTE/VoWiFi test solutions and 5G pre-research.

Since the development of the first mobile phone core chip with independent intellectual property rights in Asia in the 2G era, Spreadtrum has been growing along with China's independent communication standards. It can be said that the technical wealth accumulated in the 3G and 4G eras of the TD standard is the basis for Spreadtrum's development of 5G chips.

MediaTek will cooperate with Japan's NTT DoCoMo to develop 5G. It is expected that MediaTek's 5G chip will be ready in 2018 to enter the field test stage with the chip and Japan NTT DoCoMo.

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