Lighting is a comprehensive engineering technique involving multiple disciplines and multiple technical fields. Human visual characteristics and visual cognition determine the pursuit of quantity and quality of lighting, not only to consider the development of its own technical field, but also to comprehensively consider and pay attention to the fields of aesthetics, philosophy, ergonomics, physiology and psychology. Meet the needs of the end customer.
The development of semiconductor lighting technology and industry is much faster than people expected. Some optical characteristics of LEDs are unmatched by any artificial light source, such as rich color, high color saturation, wide color gamut, concentrated beam, and fast response. Brightness and color can be intelligently controlled and adjusted. The application of these new special animals will change the experience and habits of people's traditional lighting, trigger the transformation of lighting concepts and light culture, promote the development of lighting products in a people-oriented and more humane direction, and timely meet the physiological and mental health needs of people.
Lighting needs to take into account both physical and psychological effects
The purpose of lighting in the past was to satisfy people's demand for light in the dark. In 1879, Edison invented commercial incandescent lamps as a sign of humanity entering modern civilization. Lighting first meets the objects and scenery that people can see, and secondly, the requirements for different working surfaces. There are different brightness and illumination requirements for the light source, but overall the lighting is part of the building electrical.
LED light source is the symbol of modern lighting. To study the physiological and psychological effects of LED lighting with different color and color saturation, study the optical properties of LED and the synergy between human physiological optical effects and psycho-optical effects, especially human physiology. The rhythm (biological clock) and endocrine system are largely regulated by illumination. To study what LED illuminating will stimulate or inhibit the secretion of cortisol, cortisol will make people feel refreshed and energetic. What LED illuminating will stimulate or inhibit melatonin secretion, melatonin will make people sleepy and faint Sleeping. Therefore, the purpose of modern lighting has qualitative changes, to meet the needs of different groups of visual physiology and mental health, safety and comfort, to adjust the needs of psychological emotions and tastes, to regulate the needs of circadian rhythms and endocrine systems.
Developing the lighting industry should break through the traditional concept
In the process of the lighting industry moving towards modern lighting, there are still a number of traditional concepts that need to be broken.
1. Break through the concept of traditional light bulbs and light bulb-based lighting, and develop surface light sources.
Incandescent light source has been applied for more than 100 years, and it has become a traditional habit of people. However, the light bulb is more concentrated. Too bright will produce a dazzling feeling. The light is not soft and the working surface is uneven. It is necessary to use a special light distribution design to overcome the above shortcomings. The LED light source can be made into a two-dimensional surface light source, and is made into a light-emitting panel in the form of a backlight. The size can be large or small as needed, and the brightness, color temperature and color rendering can be adjusted to avoid the glare of traditional lamps, and the light is softer and more comfortable.
2. Break through the concept of counterfeiting sunlight and develop a combined lighting system for digitally tunable light.
Whether the artificial light source must imitate the sunlight is a problem worth exploring. There is no sunlight at night, and the lighting can choose different light sources according to the needs of different people. A typical light source should be a light source illumination system that combines RGB three colors into a gradable color and color rendering. The brightness and chromaticity can be adjusted as desired according to the needs of different people. Shade can regulate people's mood and mood, slow down stress, mobilize fun, eliminate fatigue and promote health. LED color light can effectively treat SAD (seasonal mood disorder) disease; purple light, blue light can promote the formation of vitamins A and D, and then promote the absorption of calcium, blue light can go to yellow gallbladder; Indian medical scientist DPChadiali uses 12 kinds of shades Irradiation treatment of allergic reactions, immune system disorders, cardiovascular disease, mental stress, depression and insomnia. Therefore, modern lighting is a digital color light combination lighting system that can be adjusted according to the physiological and psychological needs of different people.
3. Break through the concept of traditional street lamps and develop a humanized LED street lighting system.
In general, the speed of street lights and main roads of urban express roads is 12-15 meters. In fact, the height of street lights is lower and some are more close to people. The LED street light does not need to be shaped as a sodium lamp, and can be used as a light distribution device for a dispersed light source. The high lamp head is made into a linear light source, and the lamp holder can be fully utilized as a column light source. Due to the requirements of urban greening, many street lamps are illuminated on trees, and there is no effective use of light energy, resulting in great waste. On the branch road and the mixed road of people and vehicles, the street lamp can be placed in the middle of the road, suspended along the middle line of the road, and the light energy can be used evenly and effectively. The lamp urns on both sides are made into columnar illuminators, illuminating the low places and making scattered The light source can fully utilize the advantages and advantages of the LED light source and be more user-friendly.
4. Breaking through the concept of traditional object color, high-saturation color lighting brings visual cognition to a whole new level.
Usually objects are illuminated with different light sources (mixed with different spectra) and can be rendered in different colors. In the past, the light source was all in pursuit of daylight type, and compared with daylight, the object color that people used to see was also displayed under standard daylight. The reflectivity of the object to different spectra and the intensity of the light source determine the color and color of the object. The color purity of the traditional light source (except the laser) is not high, that is, the color saturation is not high, and more background light brightness (luminance) is mixed in the single-wavelength color light, that is, white light is superimposed, and the color of the colored light is lowered. Saturation, object color is not so bright, using LED high-purity blue, green, red light to illuminate objects will have different effects. We must make full use of the performance of LED to drive and open up new markets, opening up new horizons for people.
5. Breaking through the concept of traditional lighting, lighting should be a system.
LED industry technology is constantly developing, and research on the improvement of luminous efficiency is the mainstream of industrial technology. However, in order to effectively use light and color light, transmit light to where it is needed, and satisfy people's visual physiology and psychological needs, it is necessary to study the compatibility of spectral combinations of different frequencies with human visual cognition, and study light sources, lamps, Light distribution to the human body and visual interaction, as a value chain system to study how people can more effectively, healthily and scientifically use the lighting system to see the surrounding things, add valuable new elements to the value chain, and propose to use The value of the market to promote the market and expand market demand.
Setting standards is a priority
To compete with existing light sources, LEDs need to meet the following requirements: a lamp needs more than 1000 lm to be used for illumination, and a luminous flux of 1000 lm should be less than 2 US dollars. The luminous efficiency per watt should be above 100 lm. The index indoor lighting should be greater than 85, and the outdoor lighting should be greater than 70. Recently, Cree has developed a warm white and high color rendering LED with red and yellow phosphors, 1mm 2 chip, color temperature 2780K, color rendering index Ra=92.8, luminous efficiency. 113lm/W.
LED is a semiconductor device, and its optical, electrical and color parameters vary with device temperature and ambient temperature, and heat dissipation and stability need to be improved. The LED light source has no defined optical axis and light distribution curve. It is not a strict point light source. The inverse law of the luminous intensity and the square of the distance is not applicable. The optical parameters are different at different angles, that is, different heights are used with different light distributions. .
The lag of industry standards has seriously hindered the development of the industry. It is imperative to study and set standards as soon as possible. The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is organizing research and development of standards for LED lighting products, and we should actively participate. The concept of color temperature, color rendering and color rendering index is not suitable for LEDs. We are promoting the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) research to amend international standards.
LEDs are used for lighting just around the corner. We can't follow the old rules and follow the traditional concept and the old roads of the predecessors. We should give full play to the optical characteristics of LEDs to create modern lighting products, break through the traditional ideas, and develop suitable physiological and psychological needs. Safety and health lighting products promote the transformation of lighting theory and promote the development of the lighting industry.
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