Intelligent Urban Road Lighting_Design of Wireless Street Light Control System

With the rapid advancement of technology, the pace of urban modernization has accelerated significantly. As a result, the demand for efficient urban road lighting and public lighting systems has increased substantially. This growing demand has led to a rising contradiction between energy supply and consumption, making energy-saving and green lighting solutions more urgent than ever. Traditional manual control and time-based systems can no longer meet the evolving needs of smart cities. Therefore, there is an increasing need for wireless streetlight control systems that enable automation and intelligent management. Smart streetlight control systems are now considered a key indicator of urban modernization. They not only enhance the efficiency of lighting operations but also bring substantial economic and social benefits. Their implementation plays a crucial role in municipal infrastructure development. This article presents the design of a wireless streetlight control system that integrates advanced technologies for improved performance and sustainability. The system comprises several key components, including terminal control nodes, a monitoring center at the control center, and routing nodes that act as intermediaries between the terminals and the central system. The hardware architecture is designed to ensure seamless communication and efficient operation. The monitoring center consists of a PC module and a wireless transceiver module, which manage the entire network, monitor the status of each streetlight, and send control commands when necessary. At the terminal end, each node includes an LED power driver, a photosensitive sensor, a temperature sensor, and a wireless module. These components work together to regulate the operation of the LED lights based on environmental conditions and control signals. Additionally, the system features a power detection module that monitors the power supply and alerts the system in case of failure. The front-end network is built using a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) structure. It includes a coordinator (COORD) at the central control level and remote fan-out devices (RFDs) at the streetlight level. Routing nodes (ROUTERs) facilitate communication between the coordinator and the terminal nodes. Each streetlight is equipped with a controller and a wireless module, enabling real-time data transmission and command reception. To support large-scale deployment, the system employs a hybrid network combining Zigbee and GPRS technologies. Zigbee ensures reliable short-range communication within local subnets, while GPRS allows long-distance data transmission to the central control center. This approach optimizes both cost and reliability, making it suitable for city-wide applications. The benefits of this system are significant. By integrating LED technology and wireless control, it reduces energy consumption, extends the lifespan of lighting equipment, and lowers maintenance costs. Moreover, the system is designed to maintain high reliability, even in the event of a routing node failure. A 5% failure rate for streetlights is considered acceptable, ensuring continuous and effective lighting coverage across the city.

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