On December 18th, the first fully autonomous metro line in mainland China with independent intellectual property rights—the Yanfang Line of Beijing Metro—will officially go into operation by the end of this month. This marks a major milestone in China’s urban rail transit development, showcasing cutting-edge technology and advanced automation.
According to reports from CCTV, the Yanfang Line operates entirely remotely, with no need for onboard drivers to perform any manual operations. Instead, the entire system is controlled from a central command center, which monitors train status, track conditions, and passenger safety in real time. The driver’s role is now limited to monitoring systems and responding to emergencies, making the process more efficient and safer.
Inside the carriages, passengers will find modern features such as LED electronic maps that provide real-time information. The lighting system automatically adjusts based on external light conditions, while the air conditioning can also be controlled remotely from the control center, ensuring a comfortable ride for all.
One of the key advantages of this fully automated system is its precision. Trains arrive at stations with remarkable accuracy, reducing dwell times significantly. Each station saves approximately 15 seconds compared to manually operated trains, leading to faster overall travel times and improved service efficiency.
The concept of fully automated rail transit was first proposed in 2010, based on high RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety) standards. This marked the beginning of China’s own research and development in this field, aligning with national strategies like "Made in China 2025." By integrating deep learning technologies from the automotive industry, China has positioned itself at the forefront of global rail innovation.
After six years of dedicated research, the core technologies for the fully automated operation system have been successfully developed and are now being demonstrated on the Yanfang Line. This project represents the first national-level demonstration of such a system in China, setting a new standard for urban rail transit.
Looking ahead, Beijing plans to implement this technology across several new lines, including Lines 3, 12, 17, 19, and the new airport express line. This advancement represents a significant leap in urban rail integration, paving the way for smarter, safer, and more efficient transportation systems.
By adopting this technology, China is not only enhancing its domestic infrastructure but also strengthening its global influence in the rail transit sector. It ensures that critical systems remain secure, reliable, and under national control, reinforcing China’s position as a leader in modern transportation solutions.
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