Researchers at the University of Washington connected some of the experimenter's brains to a computer and asked them to play a simple game (no monitors, speakers, or other stimuli), and the results worked. This is an important first step in exploring how humans interact with virtual reality through invasive brain stimulation.
Experimental subjects show that humans can interact with virtual reality through invasive brain stimulation.
Rajesh Rao, professor and senior author of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Washington, said: "The current way of virtual reality is through displays, heads and goggles, but ultimately your brain is the way to create reality."
This paper describes the first human case of operating 2D computer games only through invasive brain stimulation. The system offers 21 different labyrinths to five players, with a choice of down or forward. The game provides them with information about obstacles, perceived spots or light strips generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (transcranial magnetic stimulation: techniques for stimulating specific areas of the brain using magnetic coils placed near the skull).
“The basic question we want to answer is: Can the brain use artificial information that has never been seen before, to navigate or perform useful tasks in the virtual world? The answer is yes.â€
When no input was accepted, the correct rate of the subject was 15%. But in the case of brain stimulation, their correct rate can reach 92%. The more subjects use the hand to exercise and recognize artificial stimuli, the better the performance of the game. This suggests that new information from artificial sensors or computers can be successfully encoded and transmitted to the brain to solve specific tasks. The technique behind the experiment, transcranial magnetic stimulation is often used to study how the brain works, but team research has shown that this technique can be used to transmit information to the brain.
Darby Losey, the first author of the paper, said: "We are basically trying to give humanity a sixth sense. Most of the research in the field of neuroengineering focuses on decoding information from the brain, and we are coding how to encode information into the brain. The method is of interest."
This experiment was intended as proof of concept, so the researchers used a very simple binary system as feedback from the player (with or without the illusion point display). But experiments have shown that this method can theoretically transmit any sensor information (such as camera or ultrasound) to the brain. Even the binary system used for games can provide a lot of help for specific people, such as blind navigation.
Andrea Stocco, an associate professor and co-author of psychology at the University of Washington, said: "This technology is not mature enough. The tools we use to stimulate the brain are a cumbersome device that you can't carry with you. But we may end up using real-world applications." Something to replace this hardware."
The team is currently studying how to create a more complex perception of various sensations by adjusting the intensity and location of stimuli in the brain.
Rao concludes: "In the long run, this may have a profound impact on people with sensory impairments, and it also paves the way for a more realistic virtual reality experience."
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