A perfect wireless microphone brings great convenience to users and also offers a space for artistic expression during live sound pickup. That’s why, when setting up a sound system, wireless microphones are often included. There are many types of wireless microphones available: handheld, headset, lavalier, bodypack, and full systems, among others. These are usually easy to distinguish from one another.
The history of wireless microphones is relatively short—just a few decades—but their development has been rapid. In the 1980s, they were rare and mostly used in large foreign concerts. At that time, only a few international brands like Newman and Sennheiser produced them. Over time, brands such as Shure, Sony, and EV began to enter the high-end market in China.
With advancements in electronic technology, wireless microphones have seen significant improvements in performance, reliability, and affordability. Today, there are countless brands and models on the market. Especially in recent years, domestic manufacturers have made great strides, capturing a large share of the mid-to-low-end market. In Enping, Guangdong, there is even a major distribution center for wireless microphone production.
Compared to wired microphones, wireless ones are generally more expensive, technically complex, and costlier to operate. This article will guide you on how to choose and use wireless microphones effectively.
First, let's look at the technical evolution of wireless microphones. They have gone through three main stages:
1. **Simple FM Transmission and Reception**
In the early days, wireless microphones used basic FM transmission, similar to radio signals. However, this method had poor sound quality, instability, and was highly prone to interference, making it unsuitable for professional use.
2. **Quartz Oscillation FM Transmission and Reception**
To improve stability, quartz oscillators were introduced. These provided a more consistent frequency, reducing interference. However, the fixed frequencies made it difficult to avoid signal conflicts in crowded environments.
3. **PLL (Phase-Locked Loop) Technology**
Modern wireless microphones now use PLL technology, allowing for adjustable channels and better interference resistance. With this, users can switch between multiple channels easily, improving flexibility and reliability.
Another important feature is **diversity reception**, which is common in high-end systems. This technology uses two receivers to pick up the same signal, ensuring better reception even in challenging environments with obstacles or signal shadows.
When purchasing a wireless microphone, consider your budget and usage needs. For small venues like conference rooms or meeting halls, a basic quartz-based system may be sufficient. If you have the budget, a PLL system offers greater flexibility and performance.
For live performances, theaters, or large events, it's best to go for a high-quality PLL system with diversity reception. These systems ensure stable signal transmission, even with movement and complex environments. Professional studios and large theaters should invest in well-known brands with complete setups, including antenna amplifiers and distributors.
Proper usage is just as important as choosing the right equipment. For handheld microphones, avoid holding the mesh cover, keep the antenna away from your hand, and don’t hold two mics together. Keep the mic 5–10 cm from your mouth to avoid distortion or feedback. Also, avoid pointing the mic directly at speakers or other mics to prevent howling.
For lavalier or headworn mics, make sure they’re close to the mouth and positioned correctly to avoid wind noise or unwanted sounds.
In summary, wireless microphones offer great convenience and creative freedom. Choosing the right one and using it properly ensures optimal performance and a better user experience.
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