According to recent reports from international media, Apple is reportedly planning to incorporate a custom-designed 3D laser system at the rear of its upcoming iPhone 8, specifically tailored for augmented reality (AR) applications. This system is expected to significantly enhance both autofocus speed and accuracy.
The image accompanying this article shows what might be related hardware components, although the exact details remain unconfirmed. A source close to Apple’s development initiatives has indicated that the company is currently working on a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) system designed to be integrated into the new iPhone model set to launch later this year. Industry insiders widely anticipate that this iPhone 8 will become Apple's next-generation premium smartphone.
Previously, rumors suggested that Apple would apply VCSEL technology to the front-facing camera. However, the latest developments point towards its implementation in the rear camera instead. This system operates by emitting light pulses and measuring the time it takes for these pulses to return, thereby determining the distance to objects. Such a setup allows for highly precise depth mapping, which is particularly beneficial for AR functionalities.
Currently, Apple's ARKit relies on the optical data provided by the iPhone's iSight camera to execute various complex algorithms. Analyst Ming-Chi Kuo noted earlier this year that Apple aims to include a 3D scanning subsystem within the front-facing camera array of future iPhones. This subsystem would combine a standard RGB color camera with an infrared VCSEL emitter and a dedicated receiver. Based on today's revelations, Apple appears to be pursuing a similar approach for the iSight camera.
Fast Company mentions that this rear laser system could also improve autofocus performance, making it quicker and more accurate. Systems using similar principles have been employed in DSLRs and compact cameras for quite some time now and are gradually finding their way into mobile devices like smartphones.
Historically, Apple has depended on third-party providers such as Sony for camera modules. With the introduction of "Focus Pixels," or phase-shift autofocus, in the iPhone 6 series back in 2014, Apple began taking steps toward greater autonomy in camera technology. For the upcoming VCSEL lasers, Apple has reportedly struck a supply agreement with Lumentum, a leading optical and photonics manufacturer, who will act as the primary supplier. Finisar and II-VI will handle smaller orders. Time-of-flight sensors are anticipated to come from companies like STMicroelectronics, Infineon, or AMS. Other crucial components might be sourced from LG Innotek, STMicroelectronics, AMS, or Foxconn.
While this move marks Apple's official entrance into the AR domain, there remains some uncertainty regarding whether the 3D sensor will be fully operational by the time the iPhone 8 launches in 2017. Sources familiar with the project reveal that Apple engineers are diligently working to integrate this feature, yet there’s no absolute assurance it will make it onto the final product.
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